Health experts have known about dengue fever for more than 200 years. The disease is caused by dengue viruses that have four serotypes. These guidelines were developed based on the best available evidence at the time of writing. Call your doctor right away if you develop any of the following. Guidelines for dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever. In a small proportion of cases, the disease develops into severe dengue, also known as dengue. Since the second edition of dengue haemorrhagic fever. Dengue fever df is common mosquito born disease caused by dengue virus 1.
Dengue fever is transmitted by the bite of an aedes mosquito infected with a dengue virus. In this paper clinical manifestations and management of denguedhfdss are summarized. Who, comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever, 2011. Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes especially aedes aegypti and is widely distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. Primary infection usually results in milder illness, while more severe disease occurs in cases of repeated infection with different serotypes. Treatment of dengue fever article pdf available in infection and drug resistance 51. It is caused by the 4 serotype of dengue virus and is transmitted with in human through female aedes mosquito. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne virus disease that has rapidly spread to several regions in recent times. Clinical practice guidelines of denguedengue hemorrhagic. It is widespread across asia, the pacific, central and southern america and africa where these mosquitoes exist. Denguedengue hemorrhagic fever management for asian economic community. Dengue infection is a systemic and dynamic disease. Dengue is a mosquitoborne flavivirus found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, mostly in urban and semiurban settings. The infection is endemic in more than 100 countries, particularly the south east asia region, western pacific region, and the americas.
Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne infection that causes severe flulike symptoms and can be fatal. Dengue fever is a virus transmitted to humans through bites from the aedes mosquito, a daybiting mosquito. The term dhf suggests that hemorrhage is the cardinal manifestation of severe dengue. It is a caused by a flavivirus with four distinct serotypes dv1, dv2, dv3, and dv4. Find out if the country you will be visiting has dengue. Dengue fever is an infectious disease carried by mosquitoes and caused by any of four related dengue viruses. Dengue can have harmful effects, including death of the fetus, low birth weight, and premature birth.
Dengue fever symptoms, diagnosis and treatment bmj. Platelet transfusions do not decrease the risk of severe bleeding and may instead lead to fluid overload and. Dengue is a febrile illness that can have a fatal outcome in severe cases. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne viral disease that causes high fevers with headaches and severe muscle and joint pains. Country office for india, world health organization. The presence of fever, rash, and headache the dengue triad is characteristic of dengue fever. Clinical practice guidelines of denguedengue hemorrhagic fever. Febrile patients should avoid mosquito bites to reduce risk of further transmission. Infants and young children may have a nonspecific febrile illness with rash.
Prevent dehydration which occurs when a person loses too much fluid. Dengue fever is a common mosquitoborne illness in many tropical and subtropical countries. Prof dr jagdish prasad, director general of health services, government of. Dengue fever is a viral infection that can cause lifethreatening illness, milder flulike illness, or no symptoms at all.
If possible, avoid travel to areas with risk of dengue during pregnancy. Dengue fever vaccine, symptoms, treatment, prevention. Dengue classically presents with high fever, headache, body aches, exanthem, and generalized lymphadenopathy. While recovering from dengue fever, watch for signs and symptoms of dehydration. Recognize when to consider dengue in the differential diagnosis of acute fever. Pdf the endemic area for dengue fever extends over 60 countries, and approximately 2. Department of health and human services, public health service, centers for disease control and prevention. Dengue chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever, 2nd ed, gubler dg, ooi ee, vasudeva s, farrar j eds, cab international, oxfordshire, uk 2014. One study estimated that 50 million infections occur every year. In dengueendemic regions, suspected, probable, and confirmed cases of dengue infection should be reported to the relevant authorities as soon as possible. Clinical findings include nausea, vomiting, rash, aches and pains, a positive tourniquet test, leukopenia, and the following. Describe the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of dengue viral infections.
To describe the epidemiology, clinical features and treatment of dengue fever and dengue shock syndrome. The number of cases of dengue haemorrhagic fever dhf. Dengue management who 2009 specialized dengue care unit hospitalisation fluid management enhance care at community admission criteria. Your doctor may recommend that you drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration from vomiting and a high fever. There is no specific antiviral treatment currently available for dengue fever.
A program for prevention and control of epidemic dengue. Dengue fever is a disease spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito and caused by one of four dengue viruses that are closely related. Endemic in more than 120 countries, particularly the southeast asian and western pacific regions, the caribbe. Release of the national guidelines for clinical management of dengue fever. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. The infection causes flulike illness, and occasionally develops into a potentially lethal complication called severe dengue.
There is no specific treatment for dengue and innovative approaches are needed in preventing the disease at the com munity level. The mosquito becomes infected when it bites a person with dengue virus in their blood. Infection with one of these serotypes provides immunity to only that serotype for life, causes of dengue fever 14. Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by some types of mosquitoes. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. Dengue knowledge for medical students and physicians. Diagnosis and management of dengue fever in children. Early predictors early diagnosis emphasis on early.
It is expected to be used in the clinical management of dengue infection in sri lanka. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever vii dengue fever is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread by aedes mosquitoes with major public health consequences in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries in southeast asia, the western pacific and south and central america. Other diseases caused by flaviviruses include yellow fever, japanese encephalitis and murray valley encephalitis. Dengue fever dengue hemorrhagic fever dengue shock. Dengue is common in over 100 countries, including countries in the tropics. For a disease that is so complex in its manifestations, management is relatively simple, inexpensive and very effective in saving lives as long as correct. Dengue fever is a severe, flulike illness that affects infants, young children and adults, but seldom causes death. The world health organization who has provided a number of free publications about dengue supportive care with analgesics, fluid replacement, and. Dengue fever is a disease caused by a family of viruses transmitted by aedes mosquitoes symptoms of dengue fever include severe joint and muscle pain, swollen lymph nodes, headache, fever, exhaustion, and rash. Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths.
Guidelines on management of dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever in adults external link opens in a new window. Researchers estimate 390 million infections yearly, of which 96 million have some level of severity. Guidelines on management of df dhf in adults epidemiology unit. For those who develop severe dengue, close observation and frequent monitoring in an intensive care unit may be required. The viruses that cause dengue fever are related to those that. Dengue virus is prevalent throughout the tropics and subtropics. A program for prevention and control of epidemic dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in puerto rico and the u.
In this paper clinical manifestations and management of dengue dhfdss are summarized. This disease used to be called breakbone fever because it sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain that feels like bones are breaking. Dengue is an infection caused by one of four dengue viruses in the family flaviviridae. They are not indicated and can increase the risk of gi bleeding, hyperglycemia, and immunosuppression. Summary dengue fever, a very old disease, has reemerged in the past 20 years with an expanded geographic distribution of both the viruses and the mosquito vectors, increased epidemic activity, the development of hyperendemicity the cocirculation of multiple serotypes, and the emergence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in new geographic regions. Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of climate. Burke, evidence that maternal dengue antibodies are important in the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever in infants, american journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, vol. Assessment, clinicians, dengue, management, diagnosis, fever, nausea and vomiting, rash, aches and pains, headache, eye pain, muscle ache or joint pain, warning signs, tourniquet test positive, leukopenia, abdominal pain or. It has a wide clinical spectrum ranging from flu like illness to severe dengue which could be fatal. It is the fastest spreading vectorborne viral disease and is now endemic in over 100 countries, resulting in 40% of the worlds population living in an area at risk for dengue.
While infection by one serotype produces lifelong immunity against re. Dengue management dos and donts x dont use corticosteroids. In addition, some patients with severe illness requiring. X dont give platelet transfusions for a low platelet count. In terms of morbidity, mortality and economic costs, dengue is. Accerlerated hypertension by sachin verma 3403 views. Dengue fever is a globally important arboviral infection transmitted by the aedes genus of mosquito primarily a aegypti, but also a albopictus, found in tropical and subtropical regions. Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control by the world health organization who in 20091, the need to provide more training to healthcare workers in this area has become increasingly evident.
Introduction dengue fever is caused by a virus belonging to the flaviviridae family. Clinical practice guidelines of denguedengue hemorrhagic fever management for asian economic community, kalayanarooj s, vangveeravong m, vatcharasaevee v eds, bangkok medical publisher, bangkok 2014. Pathogenesis of dengue haemorrhagic fever and its impact. Clinical manifestations and management of denguedhfdss. Discuss the diagnosis and management of this common tropical illness. Dengue outbreaks occur each year in north queensland following cases imported from overseas. Those who have been infected with dengue virus, especially for the first time i. In recent decades, the number of new cases of dengue has increased. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. National guidelines for clinical management of dengue fever. In november 2009, the world health organization who issued a new guideline that classifies symptomatic cases as dengue or severe dengue. Common name of the disease is breakbone fever haddi tod bukhar hdi taod baukar. Dengue fever slide by christine bancod 33777 views.
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